GETGRNAM(3)

NAME
getgrnam, getgrnam_r, getgrgid, getgrgid_r - get group file entry

SYNOPSIS
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <grp.h>

struct group *getgrnam(const char *name);

struct group *getgrgid(gid_t gid);

int getgrnam_r(const char *name, struct group *grp,
          char *buf, size_t buflen, struct group **result);

int getgrgid_r(gid_t gid, struct group *grp,
          char *buf, size_t buflen, struct group **result);

Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

getgrnam_r(), getgrgid_r():
    _POSIX_C_SOURCE
        || /* Glibc versions <= 2.19: */ _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION
The getgrnam() function returns a pointer to a structure containing the broken-out fields of the record in the group database (e.g., the local group file /etc/group, NIS, and LDAP) that matches the group name name.

The getgrgid() function returns a pointer to a structure containing the broken-out fields of the record in the group database that matches the group ID gid.

The group structure is defined in <grp.h> as follows:

struct group {
    char   *gr_name;        /* group name */
    char   *gr_passwd;      /* group password */
    gid_t   gr_gid;         /* group ID */
    char  **gr_mem;         /* NULL-terminated array of pointers
                               to names of group members */
};

For more information about the fields of this structure, see group(5).

The getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r() functions obtain the same information as getgrnam() and getgrgid(), but store the retrieved group structure in the space pointed to by grp. The string fields pointed to by the members of the group structure are stored in the buffer buf of size buflen. A pointer to the result (in case of success) or NULL (in case no entry was found or an error occurred) is stored in *result.

The call
    sysconf(_SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX) returns either -1, without changing errno, or an initial suggested size for buf. (If this size is too small, the call fails with ERANGE, in which case the caller can retry with a larger buffer.)

RETURN VALUE
The getgrnam() and getgrgid() functions return a pointer to a group structure, or NULL if the matching entry is not found or an error occurs. If an error occurs, errno is set appropriately. If one wants to check errno after the call, it should be set to zero before the call.

The return value may point to a static area, and may be overwritten by subsequent calls to getgrent(3), getgrgid(), or getgrnam(). (Do not pass the returned pointer to free(3).)

On success, getgrnam_r() and getgrgid_r() return zero, and set *result to grp. If no matching group record was found, these functions return 0 and store NULL in *result. In case of error, an error number is returned, and NULL is stored in *result.

ERRORS

0 or ENOENT or ESRCH or EBADF or EPERM or ...
    The given name or gid was not found.

EINTR
    A signal was caught; see signal(7).

EIO I/O error.

EMFILE
    The per-process limit on the number of open file descriptors has been reached.

ENFILE
    The system-wide limit on the total number of open files has been reached.

ENOMEM
    Insufficient memory to allocate group structure.

ERANGE
    Insufficient buffer space supplied.

FILES

/etc/group
    local group database file

ATTRIBUTES
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).
Interface | Attribute | Value
 | Thread safety | MT-Unsafe race:grnam locale
 | Thread safety | MT-Unsafe race:grgid locale
 | Thread safety | MT-Safe locale

CONFORMING TO
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, SVr4, 4.3BSD.

NOTES
The formulation given above under "RETURN VALUE" is from POSIX.1. It does not call "not found" an error, hence does not specify what value errno might have in this situation. But that makes it impossible to recognize errors. One might argue that according to POSIX errno should be left unchanged if an entry is not found. Experiments on various UNIX-like systems show that lots of different values occur in this situation: 0, ENOENT, EBADF, ESRCH, EWOULDBLOCK, EPERM, and probably others.

SEE ALSO
endgrent(3), fgetgrent(3), getgrent(3), getpwnam(3), setgrent(3), group(5)

COLOPHON
This page is part of release 4.08 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.