NSS-MYHOSTNAME(8)

NAME
nss-myhostname, libnss_myhostname.so.2 - Provide hostname resolution for the locally configured system hostname.

SYNOPSIS

libnss_myhostname.so.2

DESCRIPTION

nss-myhostname is a plugin for the GNU Name Service Switch (NSS) functionality of the GNU C Library (glibc) primarily providing hostname resolution for the locally configured system hostname as returned by gethostname(2). The precise hostnames resolved by this module are:

    • The local, configured hostname is resolved to all locally configured IP addresses ordered by their scope, or — if none are configured — the IPv4 address 127.0.0.2 (which is on the local loopback) and the IPv6 address ::1 (which is the local host).

    • The hostname "localhost" is resolved to the IP addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1.

    • The hostname "gateway" is resolved to all current default routing gateway addresses, ordered by their metric. This assigns a stable hostname to the current gateway, useful for referencing it independently of the current network configuration state.

Various software relies on an always-resolvable local hostname. When using dynamic hostnames, this is traditionally achieved by patching /etc/hosts at the same time as changing the hostname. This is problematic since it requires a writable /etc file system and is fragile because the file might be edited by the administrator at the same time. With nss-myhostname enabled changing /etc/hosts is unnecessary, and on many systems the file becomes entirely optional.

To activate the NSS modules, "myhostname" has to be added to the line starting with "hosts:" in /etc/nsswitch.conf.

It is recommended to place "myhostname" last in the nsswitch.conf line to make sure that this mapping is only used as fallback, and any DNS or /etc/hosts based mapping takes precedence.

EXAMPLE

Here's an example /etc/nsswitch.conf file, that enables myhostname correctly:

    passwd:         compat mymachines
    group:          compat mymachines
    shadow:         compat
    hosts:          files resolve mymachines myhostname
    networks:       files
    protocols:      db files
    services:       db files
    ethers:         db files
    rpc:            db files
    netgroup:       nis

To test, use glibc's getent tool:

    $ getent ahosts `hostname`
    ::1       STREAM omega
    ::1       DGRAM
    ::1       RAW
    127.0.0.2       STREAM
    127.0.0.2       DGRAM
    127.0.0.2       RAW

In this case the local hostname is omega.

SEE ALSO

systemd(1), nss-resolve(8), nss-mymachines(8), nsswitch.conf(5), getent(1)